PLAVIX in Treatment Guidelines

ACC/AHA Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) Guidelines


Patient Type Guidelines Evidence
Basis		 Recommendation
Lower extremity PAD ACC/AHA 2005 Guidelines for the Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease Class IB Clopidogrel for CV risk reduction

PLAVIX was not the only agent recommended.

Please refer to the full text of each guideline for all recommendations and sequencing of therapies.


ACC/AHA PAD Classifications10*
Class Level of Evidence
Class I Conditions for which there is evidence and/or general agreement that the procedure or treatment is useful and effective.
Class II Conditions for which there is conflicting evidence and/or a divergence of opinion about the usefulness/efficacy of a procedure or treatment.
Class IIA Weight of evidence/opinion is in favor of usefulness/efficacy.
Class IIB Usefulness/efficacy is less well established by evidence/opinion.
Class III Conditions for which there is evidence and/or general agreement that the procedure/treatment is not useful/effective and in some cases may be harmful.
Level of Evidence A Data derived from multiple randomized clinical trials or meta-analyses.
Level of Evidence B Data derived from a single randomized trial or nonrandomized studies.
Level of Evidence C Expert consensus, case studies, or standard-of-care.

*These do not represent the complete guideline definitions. Please refer to the full text of each guideline for all classifications and Levels of Evidence.

WARNING: DIMINISHED EFFECTIVENESS IN POOR METABOLIZERS

The effectiveness of PLAVIX is dependent on its activation to an active metabolite by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) system, principally CYP2C19 (See WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS: Drug Interactions.*). PLAVIX at recommended doses forms less of that metabolite and has a smaller effect on platelet function in patients who are CYP2C19 poor metabolizers. Poor metabolizers with acute coronary syndrome or undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention treated with PLAVIX at recommended doses exhibit higher cardiovascular event rates than do patients with normal CYP2C19 function. Tests are available to identify a patient's CYP2C19 genotype; these tests can be used as an aid in determining therapeutic strategy (See Clinical Pharmacology.*). Consider alternative treatment or treatment strategies in patients identified as CYP2C19 poor metabolizers (See Dosage and Administration.*).

Important Safety Information

CONTRAINDICATIONS

PLAVIX is contraindicated in patients with active pathological bleeding such as peptic ulcer or intracranial hemorrhage.

PLAVIX is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity (eg, anaphylaxis) to clopidogrel or any component of the product. (See Adverse Reactions.*)

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

Avoid concomitant use of PLAVIX and drugs that inhibit CYP2C19 activity. Co-administration of PLAVIX with omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor that is an inhibitor of CYP2C19, reduces the pharmacological activity of PLAVIX if given concomitantly or if given 12 hours apart. (See Drug Interactions.*)

Thienopyridines, including PLAVIX, increase the risk of bleeding. If a patient is to undergo surgery and an antiplatelet effect is not desired, discontinue PLAVIX 5 days prior to surgery.

Avoid lapses in therapy, and if PLAVIX must be temporarily discontinued, restart as soon as possible. Premature discontinuation of PLAVIX may increase the risk of cardiovascular events.

In patients with recent TIA or stroke who are at high risk for recurrent ischemic events, the combination of aspirin and PLAVIX has not been shown to be more effective than PLAVIX alone, but the combination has been shown to increase major bleeding.

TTP, sometimes fatal, has been reported following use of PLAVIX, sometimes after a short exposure (<2 weeks). TTP is a serious condition that requires urgent treatment including plasmapheresis (plasma exchange).

ADVERSE REACTIONS

Bleeding, including life-threatening and fatal bleeding, is the most commonly reported adverse reaction.

DRUG INTERACTIONS

Co-administering warfarin with PLAVIX increases the risk of bleeding.

Co-administration of PLAVIX and NSAIDs increases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.

USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS

Nursing mothers: Discontinue drug or nursing, taking into consideration importance of drug to mother.

*Please See the Full PLAVIX Prescribing Information, Including BOXED WARNING

Indications

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS)

For patients with non-ST-segment elevation ACS [unstable angina (UA)/non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)] including patients who are to be managed medically and those who are to be managed with coronary revascularization, PLAVIX has been shown to decrease the rate of a combined end point of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI), or stroke as well as the rate of a combined end point of cardiovascular death, MI, stroke, or refractory ischemia.

For patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), PLAVIX has been shown to reduce the rate of death from any cause and the rate of a combined end point of death, reinfarction, or stroke. The benefit for patients who undergo primary percutaneous coronary intervention is unknown.

The optimal duration of PLAVIX therapy in ACS is unknown.

Recent MI, Recent Stroke, or Established Peripheral Arterial Disease

For patients with a history of recent myocardial infarction (MI), recent stroke, or established peripheral arterial disease, PLAVIX has been shown to reduce the rate of a combined end point of new ischemic stroke (fatal or not), new MI (fatal or not), and other vascular death.